If you have been researching into skin cancer or skin conditions, you may have come across different names and acronyms that sound similar. It can be confusing to understand the differences between them, especially if your skin is something you are concerned about, so we’ve put together this handy guide to differentiate between 3 of the most common skin conditions. These are Seborrheic keratoses (SK), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC).
Seborrheic Keratoses (SK)
These are “warty spots” which are harmless but can cause concern if you don’t know what they are. They typically appear as a common sign of associated skin aging; sometimes in multiple places and sometimes as one or two little spots. They appear suddenly and have a scaly surface.
- Characteristics: Non-cancerous (benign) growths that often appear on the skin as brown, black, or tan warty spots. Usually round or oval-shaped.
- Risk factors: Seborrheic keratoses are typically harmless and don’t develop into skin cancer. They are much more common in older adults and tend to increase in number with age.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
This is a type of skin cancer that develops in the basal cells in the bottom layer of the skin – the “deepest layer”. These are the cells that create new skin cells, pushing the older ones towards the skin’s surface to slough off.
- Characteristics: BCC often appears as a pearly or waxy bump, with visible blood vessels or a central ulceration.
- Risk factor: It the most common type of skin cancer, but generally less aggressive than SCC. BCC tends to grow slowly and is less likely to metastasize. Prolonged sun exposure is a significant risk factor for developing BCC.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
This is a type of skin cancer that develops in the squamous cells in the outer layer of the skin. These are the cells that form the top layer of the epidermis – the “outer” layer.
- Characteristics: SCC often appears as a firm, red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly or crusty surface. It can also develop from pre-existing skin conditions or lesions.
- Risk factors: SCC has the potential to be more aggressive than basal cell carcinoma, and it can metastasize (spread to other parts of the body) if not treated early. Long-term sun exposure, chronic skin inflammation, and certain risk factors can increase the likelihood of SCC.
In summary, seborrheic keratoses are benign growths with no cancerous potential, whereas SCC and BCC are forms of skin cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma has a higher potential for aggressiveness and metastasis compared to basal cell carcinoma.
It is essential to consult a dermatologist for proper diagnosis and management of any suspicious skin lesions or growths. Regular skin checks and sun protection are crucial for preventing and detecting skin cancers early.