Even though it is an awful thought, skin cancer doesn’t just affect adults – it can affect children. Although it is most commonly associated with adults, childhood skin cancer is a risk to all children, and studies have shown that education and information about skin cancer can help to decrease the chances of a child being diagnosed with skin cancer, as well as helping to shape their skin future.
The importance of early detection cannot be understated, and as a parent, you must be aware of the risks, signs, and preventative measures that can help ensure your child’s safety.
Understanding Skin Cancer in Children
Although skin cancer in children is a lot rarer than it is in adults, over recent years, the number of children with skin cancer has increased. The primary types of skin cancer affecting children are melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Among these, melanoma is the most serious due to its potential to spread to other body parts.
Risk Factors
There are several factors which can increase the risk of children getting skin cancer, including:
1. UV Exposure: Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds significantly increases the risk. Children with fair skin, light-coloured eyes, and blonde or red hair are particularly susceptible.
2. Family History: A family history of skin cancer can predispose children to the disease.
3. Moles: A high number of or atypical moles can increase the risk of melanoma.
4. Immune Suppression: Children with weakened immune systems, either due to medical conditions or medications, are at higher risk.
Early Detection
If skin cancer has been detected early enough, treatment outcomes will be improved massively compared to if the skin cancer was detected a lot later on. Parents should regularly check their children’s skin for unusual changes or growths. The ABCDE rule is a useful guide:
– A = Asymmetry: One half of the mole does not match the other.
– B = Border: Irregular, scalloped, or poorly defined borders.
– C = Colour: Varying colours from one area to another.
– D = Diameter: Melanomas are usually larger than 6mm, but they can be smaller when detected early.
– E = Evolving: Any change in size, shape, colour, or elevation of a mole or any new symptom such as bleeding, itching, or crusting.
Preventive Measures
Prevention is the best strategy against skin cancer. As a parent, here are some of the things you can do to prevent skin cancer in your children:
1. Sunscreen: Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30. Apply it generously 15 minutes before sun exposure and reapply every two hours or more often if swimming or sweating.
2. Protective Clothing: Dress children in sun-protective clothing, including wide-brimmed hats and UV-blocking sunglasses.
3. Shade: Encourage playing in the shade, especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. when UV rays are strongest.
4. Avoid Tanning Beds: Tanning beds are unsafe and should be avoided entirely.
When to See a Doctor
Any unusual change in your child’s skin should prompt you to consult a healthcare professional. Dermatologists can perform biopsies if necessary and provide expert evaluation.
While skin cancer in children is rare, it is a growing concern. By understanding the risk factors, emphasizing early detection, and adopting preventive measures, parents can significantly reduce their child’s risk of developing skin cancer. Regular skin checks and education about sun safety are vital components in protecting your child’s health. Stay vigilant, proactive, and informed to ensure the well-being of your family.